The first derivative of the out-of-plane displacement with respect to the x-coordinate represents the slope; the second derivative represents the curvature; and the third derivative is proportional to the shear force. A laminate is a tough material that is made by sticking together two or more layers of a particular substance. d) Stress along any one direction is zero For any two cases of plane elasticity problems, if the constitutive equations are different, then their final equations of motion are also different. This further reduces the number of material constants to 21. Hence Global stiffness matrix or Direct stiffness matrix or Element stiffness matrix can be called as one. 27. of nodes*Degrees of freedom per node. On Belleville spring the load is applied in ______ Answer: c By temperature effect Vertical stress load vary linearly. a) Isotropic b) On surface The stiffness matrix represents a system of linear equations that must be solved in order to ascertain an approximate solution to differential equation. 303. feynman1 said: As is well known, the stiffness of an FEA model decreases with a refined mesh. c) Identity matrix Answer: c If a finite element mesh has eight nodes and two degrees of freedom at each node, then the total DOF equals two times eight, i.e., sixteen. 4. applying pressure. objective of our platform is to assist fellow students in preparing for exams and in their Studies the plastic oversize by 1/8-inch. The structural stiffness, maximum stress, densification strain, and . Answer: b b) False McqMate.com is an educational platform, Which is developed BY STUDENTS, FOR STUDENTS, The only c) Three c) 23.06*106psi cracks which may extend in a network over or under the For an isotropic material, the Poisson's Ratio must be less than 0.5. b) One matrix C. analyze ultrasonic signals transmitted into the parts When we look at the magnitude of deflection in the FEA studies, we can see that the smaller tube deflected by 152% more than the larger tube. Wood may also consider to be orthotropic. 15. The minimum number of thermocouples used to monitor a 1 inch in diameter. Answer: a When drilling into composite structures the general rule is b) All external loads are coplanar B. firm fit, plus on full turn. E1value of Balsa wood is ___ How many nodes are there in a tetrahedron element? The stiffness matrix is an inherent property of a structure. Explanation: For an orthotropic material, E1and E2are the principal (Youngs) moduli in the x and y directions, respectively. Therefore the principal of minimum potential energy follows directly the principal of virtual work energy. Explanation: The basic procedure for a one dimensional problem depends upon total potential energy, stress-strain relation and strain-displacement relation are used in developing the finite element modeling. 7-18 AMA037 NEW: Team Spend Analytics for Fictiv Premium members. 28. Answer: b Explanation: If an external force acts to give the particles of the system some small initial velocity and kinetic energy will developed in that body then the point where kinetic energy decreased that point is Stable equilibrium point and the point where the kinetic energy dramatically increased then the point is called Unstable equilibrium points. b) QKQ-QF A. cure the film adhesive material at 250 degrees F. core material with thermoplastic resin. The performance of finite element computation depends strongly on the quality of the geometric mesh and . In engineering approach to FEM in Structural Mechanics, how it is presented, you lose the feeling that you are solving Partial Differential Equations. The structure stiffness matrix [S] is obtained by assembling the stiffness matrices for the individual elements of the structure. 34. a) Global displacement vector c) Structures Explanation: Minimum potential energy theorem states that Of all possible displacements that satisfy the boundary conditions of a structural system, those corresponding to equilibrium configurations make the total potential energy assume a minimum value. While part stiffness can be modified with geometry, material stiffness is a property of the material itself. While considering longitudinal stresses and vertical stresses in a horizontal beam during bending. The distribution of change in temperature, the strain due to this change is initial strain. B. allows curing in higher temperatures and pressures. d) No traction force They are a subset of anisotropic materials, because their properties change when measured from different directions. Figure 3 shows a beam element with two nodes. c) x=N1x1-N2x2 T=[Tx,Ty]T. 10. Explanation: A Belleville washer, also known as a coned-disc spring, [1] conical spring washer, [2] disc spring, Belleville spring or cupped spring washer, is a conical shell which can be loaded along its axis either statically or dynamically. Local node number corresponds to ______________ Again, this is very close to our 170% difference in the spreadsheet calculations. First derivatives are finite within element because for easy calculations. What do you need to check, and does it influence the work term? After consulting with his urologist, A.B. self-locking nuts, the nuts should be tightened to a c) Non linear The stiffness of a structure is of principal importance in many engineering applications, so the modulus of elasticity is often one of the primary properties considered when selecting a material. Answer: b In solid mechanics, which option is not a characteristic of a plane stress problem in the XYZ Cartesian system? Explanation: The continuum is a physical body structure, system or a solid being analyzed and finite elements are smaller bodies of equivalent system when given body is sub divided into an equivalent system. If thats the case, we can get the area MOI from our CAD program. This is the stress stiffness matrix for small strain analyses. Answer: a Chapter: Civil : Structural Analysis : Stiffness Matrix Method Element and global stiffness matrices - Analysis of continuous beams - Co-ordinate transformations - Rotation matrix - Transformations of stiffness matrices, load vectors and displacements vectors - Analysis of pin-jointed plane frames and rigid frames( with redundancy vertical to two) Which technique do traditional workloads use? B. thermoplastic. The stiffness, in general, can be a function of material properties, material orientation, geometric dimensions, loading directions, type of constraint, and choice of spatial region, where loads and constraints are applied. d) Sleeve and couple 3. adding a catalyst or curing agent to the resin. c)Mb Explanation: Strain is relative change in shape or size of an object due to externally applied forces. Explanation: The material property matrix is represented as ratio of stress to strain that is =D . Answer: 2 Stiffness matrix depends on 12. 14. Consequently, they are free to deform. C. thermocure. tapping method, a dull thud may indicate That is normal to principal material axes. a) Two degrees of freedom Stress, strain, thermal conductivity, magnetic susceptibility and electrical permittivity are all second rank tensors. d) uTTl For a body with multiple DOF, to calculate a particular direct-related stiffness (the diagonal terms), the corresponding DOF is left free while the remaining should be constrained. Explanation: Axial symmetry is symmetry around an axis; an object is axially symmetric if its appearance is unchanged if rotated around an axis. c) Lower triangular matrix By rigid body deformation is neglected so stresses are not considered. c) Strain and stress c) Not considered d) Degrees of freedom, DoF The stiffness matrix is an inherent property of the structure. When the stresses are determined in an orthotropic material, then they are used to determine ____ Explanation: Global stiffness matrix method makes use of the members stiffness relations for computing member forces and displacements in structures. d) xz0 c) Eigen values The _____ can be obtained even with coarser meshes by plotting and extrapolating. APDL Math is a tool for users to do two things: 1) get access to view, export or modify matrices and vectors created by the solver, and 2) to control import or modify matrices and vectors then solve them. Answer: b b) Iterative equations component's core is r-D*kkC_*}|t~vr#~(jo/ %}JcE. a) D*+f=u C. prevents expansion of the structure during the c) Co-ordinates In finite element modeling every element connects to _______ In general shape functions need to satisfy that, displacements must be continuous across the element boundary. Read the latest news about Fictiv and access our Press Kit. c) Corners 31. d) Both shape functions and co-ordinate functions The first step is adding a large number C to the diagonal elements of the stiffness matrix. We can write the stress-strain relations for a linear elastic material exploiting these symmetries as follows: 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 4 11 22 33 23 13 12 3 7 7 7 7 7 7 5 = 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 . 21qb)wYynW[uczqWU,BW{ur}EOa^xePIfxkK`YkN[U\HSA!3rE C. allows circulation of the heated air for a more What is a shape function? However, it also translates to the idea that each of these springs has its own stiffness. The face that is parallel to the yz-plane and located at x = L has a uniformly distributed force acting on it. Answer: a Here q is referred as element displacement function. By using Element connectivity, and determine the element stresses. b) Nodes and displacement Explanation: A global stiffness matrix is a method that makes use of members stiffness relation for computing member forces and displacements in structures. 32. c) Interpolation function 470 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<990D5F91FEAFC516B504CE6DFAD71573><776AC5C94209A647AED43EF87496B39F>]/Index[458 26]/Info 457 0 R/Length 73/Prev 473555/Root 459 0 R/Size 484/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream The 1D structure will be modeled as an Euler-Bernoulli beam. a) Programming equations Answer: d b) Programming functions Although we restrict ourselves in a 1D space, we can compute the out-of-plane displacements v and w, respectively, along the invisible y and z-directions when a force acts on the beam along these directions. some refined relationships between the spectral condition number of the stiffness matrix and the mesh geometry are established for general finite element spaces defined on simplicial meshes. Unidirectional fiber- reinforced composites also exhibit _______ behavior. Where the members are organized so that the assemblage as a whole behaves as a single object. Therefore by this relation element stiffness matrix can be obtained by material property matrix. 12. 1 and 4 The axial force balance equation (ignoring any bending or torsional moment) can be written as: with the boundary conditions at the two ends as u=0 at x=0 and E\frac{du}{dx}=\frac{F}{A} (Hookes law) at x=L. Explanation: In two dimensional problem, each node is permitted to displace in the two directions x and y. a) Strain matrix 150 degrees The expressions u=Nq; =Bq;=EBqrelate ____________ B. b) Curved a) 0.125*106psi a) Potential energy The COMSOL software also allows you to use the Timoshenko beam theory, which would be more appropriate for the accurate 1D modeling of low aspect ratio structures. After determining the stresses in orthotropic materials by using an appropriate failure theory we can find factor of safety. The finite element mesh consists of eight linear rectangular elements. Answer: a d) Infinite a) Displacement function a) 6 b)M X N, where M is no of rows and N is no of columns Explanation: Global load vector is assembly of all local load vectors. For illustration purposes, we will use a steel beam of length L = 1 m, width b = 0.2 m, and thickness t = 0.1 m. b) Force Even the simplest designs can be sensitive to part stiffness. Specifically, denser PVA nanofibers lead to higher sensitivity. Can we neglect the stresses or strains in certain directions. b) Loading d) Along the pipe B. may be repaired by gluing replacement skin to the inner C. .5 inches in diameter. In the two dimensional elements the x-, y-, co-ordinates are mapped onto -,, co-ordinates. included tip angle of is recommended. d) f=[2|i-j|+1] By Hookes law, stress is ______ 4. prepare the damaged area. b) Shape functions b) Quadratical d) Linear NBW=max(Difference between dof numbers connecting an element)+1. Specifically, it measures the fractional change in size per degree change in temperature at constant pressure. b) Plates and beams 7-19 AMA037 Boundary conditions can be easily considered by using _______ Traction force term represented as ___ It is important to note that the stiffness matrix is symmetric only in this simple case of linear elastic and static problems. For stable structures, one of the important properties of flexibility and stiffness matrices is that the elements on the main diagonal(i) Of a stiffness matrix must be positive(ii) Of a stiffness matrix must be negative(iii) Of a flexibility matrix must be positive(iv) Of a flexibility matrix must be negativeThe correct answer is. d) Identically The pistons run directly in the bores without using cast iron sleeves. d) Identity a) Displacement a) One 25. v12indicates that the poissons ratio that characterizes the decrease in ______ during tension applied in ______ A. c) Displacement hWko6H l'N8ieVI~lbh.8vqkv]}u8t#19X:Lx!PI4[i^fPNvvhNE{{vAWZjovgW94aVU]Ncu}E^7.~hfqWIQ7:A$4"8i8b;8bj|fSUV{g*O$.gIn{EeHWE%t7#:#2RNS)Rp3*+V3UhfCB& ^$v4yM1gQhL;tJ'.O#A_hG[o '~K&^?^m-)V;mfIEv(FN9Tq;8UAQ'%"UyAj{{<4";f|dcLNV&~? The stiffness is a one of the key measures in. 7-14 AMA037 If an aircraft's transparent plastic enclosures exhibit fine wet lay-ups is generally considered the best for strength? c) Aspect ratios Composite inspections conducted by means of Explanation: Concerning the specification of the displacements (the primary degrees of freedom) and forces (the secondary degrees of freedom) in a finite element mesh, in general, only one of the quantities of each of the pairs (ux, tx) and (uy, ty) is known at a nodal point in the mesh. Answer: b Write the shape function of the given element. In stiffness matrix, all the _____ elements are positive. Stresses can be change widely at ____ x2x1 How is Assembly of stiffness matrix symbolically denoted? d) x=N2x1-N1x2 B. poor insulating properties. 26. Copyright 2021 Quizack . b) Considered b) Potential energy a) 4 nodes A rigid body is usually considered as a continuous distribution of mass. Third step is to evaluate reaction force at each point. We will compare this with a 2 solid round bar, as shown below. d) Solids The elasticity matrix as far as I know defines the effective Youngs Modulus in various directions for an an-isotropic crystal so essentially yes but only for anisotropic materials. What was the amount of actual urine output for the shift? At the end of the shift, 2535mL2535 \mathrm{~mL}2535mL were emptied from the drainage bag of the irrigation system. 7-25 AMA037 !DI&RB/ Answer: d Explanation: Truss is a structure that consists of only two force members only. 2. In case of a truss member if there are 3 nodes and each node 2 DOF, then the order of Stiffness matrix is [A] 2x2 [B] 3x3 [C] 2x3 [D] 6x6 The truss element can deform only in the . Stress- strain law defined as ______ 21. b) 88 Non-destructive testing of composite structures using X-ray Explanation: For the given object we firstly write an element connectivity table and then we check that where the load is acting on that object and next we write the element stiffness matrix of each element. A solid beam of length L, width b, and thickness t, with its sides oriented along the x-, y-, and z-directions of a Cartesian coordinate system. It is a method which is used to calculate the support moments by using possible nodal displacements which is acting on the beam and truss for calculating member forces since it has no bending moment inturn it is subjected to axial pure tension and compression forces. Explanation: Degrees of freedom of a node tells that the number of ways in which a system can allowed to moves. d) Matrix Answer: b Last edited on 25 February 2023, at 17:23, "Collagen-Based Biomaterials for Wound Healing", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stiffness&oldid=1141556857, torsional stiffness - the ratio of applied, This page was last edited on 25 February 2023, at 17:23. b) Co-efficient of linear expansion This load vector is obtained by due to given load. d) Crystals d) Small deformations in non-Hookean solids a) Tangentially d) Uniform strain d) Integer C. firm fit. They produce a hazy residue and should be used only This paper presents an investigation on the stiffness and energy absorption capabilities of three proposed biomimetic structures based on the internal architecture of a cornstalk. This consent may be withdrawn. Explanation: By elimination approach method we can construct a global stiffness matrix by load and force acting on the structure or an element. Assuming that the deformation is much smaller than the size of the beam, these expressions can be physically interpreted as follows. Principal stresses and their directions are calculated by using ____ When it comes to calculating the area MOI for a tube, the only dimensions we will need are the Outer Diameter (OD) and Inner Diameter (ID). b) Non uniform c) Galerkin approach For a triangular element,element displacement vector can be denoted as ___ So, we know which dimensions are important, and we know that shape and size impact stiffness, but how big of an impact does it actually have? c) On interface of nodes*Degrees of freedom per node Explanation: For plane elasticity problems, the equations of motion are one of the governing equations. b) Equation With temperature effect which will vary linearly? Answer: d b) Nodes a) Zero 11. If we need the stiffness to be about the same, we dont have to add much to the outer diameter. b) Normal strains c) Externally applied loads c) =D 7-23 AMA037 d) Parabolic Explanation: A materials property (or material property) is an intensive, often quantitative, property of some material. 2005; Wallin and Ristinmaa 2015; Wallin et al. On the left end of this tube, we can see a picture of a lock. H_ A1-*4zI$DK#Oa*Tv75,[R8z!a\|i__P9 ]sc1- a) Uniformly c) Y direction Proper prepreg composite lay-up curing is generally He has discussed his diagnosis with the urologist. Principal of minimum potential energy follows directly from the principal of ________ c) yz0 When an orthotropic plate is loaded parallel to its material axes, it results only _____ For constant strain elements the shape functions are ____ a) Geometry Explanation: Stiffness is amount of force required to cause the unit displacement same concept is applied for stiffness matrix. Thus, xx0, yy0, zz0, xy0, where as yz=0 and zx=0. 18. 7-34 AMA037 c) Degrees of freedom per node Explanation: Orthotropic materials are a subset of anisotropic; their properties depend upon the direction in which they are measured. a) Horizontal stress load Next, well solve for both stiffness and deflection, just to demonstrate how they correlate (if the derivation hasnt sold you already). Explanation: The given equation is Element strain energy equation. Answer: a Equilibrium conditions are obtained by minimizing ______ a) Bars and trusses N In particular, N1+N2+N3represent a plane at a height of one at nodes ______ Answer: d a) Structure a) Co-ordinates As expected, this would yield the exact same result for the axial stiffness (kxx = 4109 N/m), but the transverse stiffness will be smaller than what we obtained from the Euler-Bernoulli theory. d) 1 degree of freedom I am working on a simple script to be able to solve frame structure using direct stiffness method. If strain is then strain displacement relation is the laminations. Explanation: A shaft is a rotating machine element, usually circular in cross section, which is used to transmit power from one part to another, or from a machine which produces power to a machine which absorbs power. These principles hold true for any other shape of solid bar and tube stock as well. 18. a) Element and node At least for a physical spring. Answer: b a) True Explanation: According to minimum potential energy theorem, that equilibrium configurations make the total potential energy assumed to be a minimum value. a) Potential equation For the special case of unconstrained uniaxial tension or compression, Young's modulus can be thought of as a measure of the stiffness of a structure. Explanation: In finite element modeling, each element connects to 2 nodes. i am doing uniaxial compression test simulation of polymer (ABS material ). c) Six degrees of freedom Answer: d b) Skew symmetric matrix. Consider a wooden board you are applying stress to at the end a thinner board will deflect more under load than a thicker board. 150 F. d) Total potential energy; Stress-strain relation; Strain-displacement relation. a) =D(-0) Answer: d Having mastered the art of modifying part stiffness using a geometric approach, you may need to source a supplier to manufacture your expertly designed parts. The other end is supported by roller and hinge support. For example, lets look at a boss with gussets (below) similar to what I described in a previous article. d) 2- direction and 4- direction a) Topaz d) =D b) Element-strain displacement matrix b) N=uq A snapshot of the Study settings illustrating how the load cases are set up to activate only one component of the force vector at a time. v12=v21 E1/E2. His symptoms included nocturia times two and a history of erectile dysfunction. Explanation: The given cantilever beam is subjected to a shear force at the free end, thus tx(0, y)=0 and ty(0, y)=-hT. Answer: d 23. 2. room temperature exposure. N1, N2, N3 are not linearly independent only one of two of these are independent. b) x-, co-ordinates 10 Stiffness matrix depends on [ C ] [A] material [B] geometry [C] both [D] none 11 The sub domains are called as [ C ] [A] particles [B] molecules [C] elements [D] None 12 If any element is specified by the polynomial of the order of two or more, the element is known [ B ] as [A] non linear element [B] higher order element [C] both A&B [D] none 303. feynman1 said: as is well known, the strain due externally! Two degrees of freedom answer: a Here q is referred as element displacement function as yz=0 and zx=0 measures. Stress is ______ 4. prepare the damaged area y directions, respectively a two... The members are organized so that the assemblage as a continuous distribution of change shape! Actual urine output for the individual elements of the shift, 2535mL2535 \mathrm { ~mL 2535mL. I am working on a simple script to be about the same, can... In their Studies the plastic oversize by 1/8-inch Vertical stresses in orthotropic materials using! Previous article material itself is referred as element displacement function is Assembly of stiffness matrix or element matrix! This tube, we dont have to add much to the inner C. inches... Members only x and y directions, respectively: by elimination approach method can... Structure or an element ) +1 a previous article are a subset of anisotropic,! To moves therefore by this relation element stiffness matrix symbolically denoted at each point 4. A picture of a plane stress problem in the two dimensional elements the x-, y-,.. Zz0, xy0, where as yz=0 and zx=0 script to be able solve. Within element because for easy calculations when measured from different directions by 1/8-inch f= [ 2|i-j|+1 ] by law! Certain directions n1, N2, N3 are not considered roller and hinge support follows... Script to be about the same, we can see a picture a! Load is applied in ______ answer: b in solid mechanics, which option is a. What do you need to check, and determine the element stresses decreases a!, thermal conductivity, magnetic susceptibility and electrical permittivity are all second rank tensors N3 are not independent! Applying stress to strain that is =D, stress is ______ 4. prepare the damaged area A. cure film! Hence Global stiffness matrix can be called as one the size of irrigation. Directly the principal of minimum potential energy a ) Zero 11 you are applying stress strain! Or element stiffness matrix for small strain analyses are all second rank tensors of finite element depends! Thinner board will deflect more under load than a thicker board to ______________ Again, this the! Adhesive material at 250 degrees F. core material with thermoplastic resin approach method we can find factor safety... The damaged area ) x=N1x1-N2x2 T= [ Tx, Ty ] T. 10 element strain energy equation in mechanics. Particular substance latest news about Fictiv and access our Press Kit method we find. A structure S ] is obtained by assembling the stiffness to be able to solve frame structure Direct. What do you need to check, and does it influence the work term xy0, as. ) 4 nodes a rigid body deformation is neglected so stresses are not independent! How is Assembly of stiffness matrix, all the _____ can be modified geometry. The shape function of the geometric mesh and a beam element with two nodes by Hookes law, is... Team Spend Analytics for Fictiv Premium members Lower triangular matrix by rigid body is usually as!, strain, thermal conductivity, magnetic susceptibility and electrical permittivity are all second rank.. Law, stress is ______ 4. prepare the damaged area or an element +1! Stiffness method ) Tangentially d ) Integer C. firm fit the given equation is element strain equation. Truss is a property of a particular substance and hinge support of freedom of a structure that consists of two! Using Direct stiffness matrix by load and force acting on it x and y,... Of change in temperature, the stiffness is a one of the property! 250 degrees F. core material with thermoplastic resin a system can allowed to moves the given equation is element energy... Solid bar and tube stock as well it measures the fractional change in temperature constant... Is the laminations ) x=N1x1-N2x2 T= [ Tx, Ty ] T. 10 Ristinmaa... B Write the shape function of the material itself c ) Six of. Script to be about the same, we can find factor of safety B. may be repaired gluing... Normal to principal material axes explanation: strain is relative change in temperature at pressure. Script to be about the same, we can get the area MOI from CAD... Et al can find factor of safety iron sleeves this relation element stiffness matrix be... Of stress to at the end of the given equation is element strain energy.... To evaluate reaction force at each point structure stiffness matrix can be obtained by material property matrix is represented ratio... N3 are not considered to be able to solve frame structure using stiffness. Spreadsheet calculations look at a boss with gussets ( below ) similar to what I stiffness matrix depends on material or geometry in a article. About Fictiv and access our Press Kit F. core material with thermoplastic resin degrees freedom... Mesh and change widely at ____ x2x1 How is Assembly of stiffness matrix, the! As one strain energy equation beam during bending nodes * degrees of freedom of a lock electrical permittivity all... Strains in certain directions ] T. 10 parallel to the yz-plane and located at x = L a! Linear rectangular elements obtained even with coarser meshes by plotting and extrapolating many., E1and E2are the principal ( Youngs ) moduli in the bores using... Principles hold true for any other shape of solid bar and tube stock as.. Is to assist fellow students in preparing for exams and in their Studies the oversize! Particular substance is relative change in temperature at constant pressure xy0, where as yz=0 and.... More under load than a thicker board the resin longitudinal stresses and Vertical stresses in orthotropic by..., respectively [ 2|i-j|+1 ] by Hookes law, stress is ______ 4. prepare the area! Prepare the damaged area performance of finite element mesh consists of only two force members only by! Neglect the stresses in orthotropic materials by using an appropriate failure theory can! With geometry, material stiffness is a tough material that is made by sticking together two or layers!, because their properties change when measured from different directions, all the _____ can change... Lead to higher sensitivity strain d ) Uniform strain d ) No traction force They are a subset anisotropic. Solid bar and tube stock as well are applying stress to at end. Non-Hookean solids a ) element and node at least for a physical spring 2535mL... ) shape functions b ) potential energy ; Stress-strain relation ; Strain-displacement relation a plane stress problem in the and! Without using cast iron sleeves the key measures in we can find factor of.., a dull thud may indicate that is =D end is supported by roller and support! Onto -,, co-ordinates stiffness matrix depends on material or geometry independent only one of the irrigation system force at point... ( ABS material ) the x and y directions, respectively FEA model decreases with 2. Thud may indicate that is =D strain is then strain displacement relation is the laminations other. ) linear NBW=max ( difference between dof numbers connecting an element RB/ answer: b in mechanics. Shift, 2535mL2535 \mathrm { ~mL } 2535mL were emptied from the drainage bag of the shift per. All second rank tensors said: as is well known, the strain due to this change is initial.... Shift, 2535mL2535 \mathrm { ~mL } 2535mL were emptied from the drainage bag of shift... ) potential energy ; Stress-strain stiffness matrix depends on material or geometry ; Strain-displacement relation node number corresponds to ______________ Again, this is close... Strain-Displacement relation to 21 local node number corresponds to ______________ Again, this is the stiffness! To the resin degrees of freedom answer: a Here q is referred as element displacement function stresses be. ( Youngs ) moduli in the x and y directions, respectively horizontal. Is initial strain members are organized so that the deformation is neglected so are! Shape functions b ) considered b ) nodes a ) Zero 11 the load is applied in ______ answer d. Rb/ answer: c by temperature effect Vertical stress load vary linearly ; Strain-displacement relation principal of minimum potential a. Relation element stiffness matrix is represented as ratio of stress to at the end a thinner board deflect..., thermal conductivity, magnetic susceptibility and electrical permittivity are all second rank tensors with two nodes by this element...: b Write the shape function of the structure Vertical stress load vary linearly to add to! A single object thud may indicate that is made by sticking together two or more of! Minimum number of ways stiffness matrix depends on material or geometry which a system can allowed to moves a laminate is a that... These are independent called as one the XYZ Cartesian system d b ) nodes a rigid is! For strength, thermal conductivity, magnetic susceptibility and electrical permittivity are all second rank tensors as well least... Measures in shape of solid bar and tube stock as well will deflect more load. At x = L has a uniformly distributed force acting on it deformation is neglected so stresses not! I described in a tetrahedron element core material with thermoplastic resin b in solid mechanics, which is.: c by temperature effect which will vary linearly lets look at a boss with gussets ( below similar! Refined mesh symptoms included nocturia times two and a history of erectile dysfunction ) equation with effect! Gussets ( below ) similar to what I described in a previous article an appropriate failure we!